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Micrel
Switched Capacitor Filter
MICRF506BML/YML
Baudrate: The baud rate given is bit/sec
A6..A0
0001000
D7
‘1’
D6
ScClk_X2
D5
‘0’
D4
ScClk4
D3
ScClk3
D2
ScClk2
D1
ScClk1
D0
ScClk0
RSSI
The main channel filter is a switched-capacitor
A6..A0
0000001
D7
Modulation1
D6
Modulation0
D5
‘0’
D4
‘0’
D3
RSSI_en
D2
LD_en
D1
PF_FC1
D0
PF_FC0
implementation of a six-pole elliptic low pass filter.
The elliptic filter minimized the total capacitance
required for a given selectivity and dynamic range.
The cut-off frequency of the switched-capacitor filter
is adjustable by changing the clock frequency.
The clock frequency is designed to be 20 times the
cut-off frequency. The clock frequency is derived
from the reference crystal oscillator. A
2.2
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
RSSI
33kohm, 1nF, 125kbps, BW=200kHz, Vdd=2.5V
programmable 6-bit divider divides the frequency of
the crystal oscillator. To generate the correct non-
overlapping clock-phases needed by the filter this
0.8
0.6
-125
-115
-105
-95
-85
-75
Pin [dBm]
-65
-55
-45
-35
-25
frequency is then divided by 4. The cut-off frequency
of the filter is given by:
Figure 13. RSSI Voltage
f CUT =
f XCO
40 ? ScClk
Pin 14
f CUT : Filter cutoff frequency
RSSI
RSSI
f XCO : Crystal oscillator frequency
ScClk: Switched capacitor filter clock, bits
ScClk5-0
For instance, for a crystal frequency of 16MHz and if
R2
33k
C10
1nF
the 6 bit divider divides the input frequency by 4 the
cut-off frequency of the SC filter is 16MHz/(40 x 4) =
100kHz. 1 st order RC low pass filters are connected
to the output of the SC filter-to-filter the clock
frequency.
The lowest cutoff frequency in the pre- and the main
channel filter must be set so that the received signal
is passed with no attenuation, which is frequency
deviation plus modulation. If there are any frequency
offset between the transmitter and the receiver, this
must also be taken into consideration. A formula for
the receiver bandwidth can be summarized as
follows:
f BW = + f OFFSET + f DEV + Baudrate / 2
where
f BW : Needed receiver bandwidth, fcut above
should not be smaller than f BW [Hz]
Figure 14. RSSI Network
A Typical plot of the RSSI voltage as function of
input power is shown in Figure 13. The RSSI has a
dynamic range of about 50dB from about -110dBm
to -60dBm input power.
The RSSI can be used as a signal presence
indicator. When a RF signal is received, the RSSI
output increases. This could be used to wake up
circuitry that is normally in a sleep mode
configuration to conserve battery life.
Another application for which the RSSI could be
used is to determine if transmit power can be
reduced in a system. If the RSSI detects a strong
signal, if could tell the transmitter to reduce the
transmit power to reduce current consumption.
f OFFSET : Total frequency
receiver and transmitter [Hz]
offset between
f DEV : Single-sided frequency deviation, see
chapter Modulator on how to calculate [Hz]
July 2006
21
M9999-092904
+1 408-944-0800
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